environmentalism, capitalism, pacifism

I've been thinking lately about the relationship between capitalism and environmentalism. In part my thinking on this started from a paper I wrote years ago on tourism in Thailand, and how a lot of the money and impetus for preserving various ecologies comes from tourist revenue. Then a few months ago I came across a historical work called Green Imperialism: Colonial Expansion, Tropical Island Edens, and the Origins of Environmentalism by Richard Grove. He talks about this issue in a variety of ways, finally saying that "modern environmentalism...emerged as a direct response to the destructive social and ecological conditions of colonial rule" (486). I suppose what's interesting to me isn't particularly the historical component, demonstrating that environmentalism emerged out of colonialism, but the ways in which environmentalism acts as an appendage or apparatus of capitalism, no matter what its history is. Whatever you say about capitalism, it's difficult to ignore that the preservation of environments (even beyond what is natural) leads to never-ending profits. Likewise, there's nothing anti-capitalist about sustainability.

I've also been curious about the connections between pacifism and capitalism, or the extent to which pacifism functions as an appendage of capitalism. Once again, it doesn't matter, in a lot of ways, what the origins of pacifism are, just how it functions and to what ends. Then again, war itself is a huge money-making machine (e.g, all those billions spent for waging war don't just disappear), so who knows?